Kuvunguza insimbi yensimbi ye-welded for ngaphansi komhlaba wepayipi lemvelo lemvelo
Yethula:
Amapayipi e-wemvelo angaphansi komhlaba adlala indima ebalulekile ekuletheni lo mthombo oyigugu emakhaya, amabhizinisi kanye nasembonini. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwalawa mapayipi, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izinto ezifanele nezinqubo ze-welding ngesikhathi sokwakha. Sizohlola ukubaluleka kwepayipi lensimbi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubaluleka kokulandela izinqubo ezifanele zokushiswa kwamapayipi lapho zisebenzaNgaphansi komhlaba ipayipi lemvelo lemvelo.
Kuvunguza ipayipi lelded:
Kuvunguza ipayipi lelded kudumile ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi egesi emvelo angaphansi komhlaba ngenxa yamandla ayo angokwemvelo nokuqina. Lawa mapayipi akhiqizwa ngokugoba umucu oqhubekayo wensimbi abe yisimo esiwukuvunguza bese uyifaka emthungo. Umphumela uba ngamapayipi anamalunga aqinile, avaliwe angamelana nezingcindezi ezibalulekile zangaphandle futhi azivumelanise nokunyakaza komhlaba. Lesi sakhiwo esiyingqayizivele senzaKuvunguza insimbi ye-welded yensimbiIlungele amapayipi angaphansi komhlaba lapho ukuqina kubalulekile.
Impahla yemishini
| Grade a | Ibanga B | Ibanga C | Ibanga d | Ebangeni e | |
| Ukukhiqiza amandla, amaminithi, i-MPA (KSI) | 330 (48) | 415 (60) | 415 (60) | 415 (60) | 445 (66) |
| Amandla asheshayo, amaminithi, i-MPA (KSI) | 205 (30) | 240 (35) | 290 (42) | 315 (46) | I-360 (52) |
Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali
| Isithako semvelo | Ukwakheka, max,% | ||||
| Grade a | Ibanga B | Ibanga C | Ibanga d | Ebangeni e | |
| Ikhabhoni | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Mangangane | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.20 | 1.30 | 1.40 |
| Ifosphorus | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
| Isibabule | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.035 |
Ukuhlolwa kweHydrostatic
Ubude bepayipi ngalinye buzovivinywa ngumenzi ngengcindezi ye-hydrostatic ezokhiqiza odongeni lwamapayipi ingcindezi engaphansi kwamandla ka-60% acacisiwe amancane okushisa avumayo ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ingcindezi izonqunywa yi-equation elandelayo:
P = 2st / d
Ukuhlukahluka okuvumelekile ezinsimbi nasezilinganiso
Ubude bepayipi ngalinye buzosindwa ngokwehlukana futhi isisindo salo ngeke bahlukane ngaphezu kwe-10% ngaphezulu noma ngo-5.5% ngaphansi kwesisindo salo sethiyori, kubalwa kusetshenziswa ubude bayo nobude bayo ngeyunithi ngayinye ubude kanye nesisindo sayo ngeyunithi yayo ubude kanye nesisindo sayo ngeyunithi yayo ngayinye ubude.
Ububanzi obungaphandle ngeke buhluka kakhulu kune- ± 1% kusuka kububanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle.
Ubukhulu bodonga nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngeke bungabi ngaphezu kwe-12,5% ngaphansi kobukhulu obudongeni obucacisiwe.
Ubude
Ubude obungahleliwe obungahleliwe: 16 kuya ku-25ft (4.88 kuya ku-7.62m)
Ubude obungahleliwe obuphindwe kabili: ngaphezulu kwe-25ft kuya ku-35ft (7.62 kuye ku-10.67m)
Ubude be-Uniform: Ukuhluka okuvumelekile ± 1in
Iphelela
Izinselo zamapayipe zizofakwa iziphetho ezicacile, nemibungu emaphethelweni izosuswa
Lapho ipayipi liphela lichazwe ukuba yi-Bevel Ends, i-angle izoba ngama-30 kuye kwangama-35 degree
Izinqubo ze-Pipe Welding:
-Yikho ngqoIzinqubo zePipe Weldingbagxeka ukuqina nokuphepha kwamapayipi egesi emvelo engaphansi komhlaba. Nazi izici ezimbalwa ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe:
1. I-Welder Iziqu:Ama-welders afanelekayo futhi anolwazi kufanele aqashwe, aqinisekise ukuthi anezitifiketi ezidingekayo zokuphatha izinqubo ezithile ze-welding ezidingekayo kumapayipi egesi yemvelo. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ze-welding kanye nokuvuza okungaba khona.
2. Ukulungiselela okuhlangene nokuhlanza:Ukulungiselela okufanele ngokuhlanganiswa kubalulekile ngaphambi kokushiswa. Lokhu kufaka ukususa noma yikuphi ukungcola, imfucumfucu noma okungcola okungathinta kabi ubuqotho be-weld. Ngokwengeziwe, ukudonsa imiphetho yamaphayiphu kusiza ukudala okuhlanganisiwe okuqinile.
3. Amasu we-Welding namapharamitha:Amasu wokufaka ama-welding alungile namapharamitha kumele alandelwe ukuthola ama-welds asezingeni eliphakeme. Inqubo yokufaka i-welding kufanele ibheke izici ezifana nobukhulu bepayipi, isikhundla se-welding, ukwakheka kwegesi, njll. Kunconywe ukusebenzisa izinqubo ze-welding ze-automated arlding (i-gmaw) noma i-arc welding (saw) ukuqinisekisa imiphumela engaguquki futhi inciphise iphutha lomuntu.
4. Ukuhlola nokuhlola:Ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokuhlolwa kweWeld kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nobuqotho bayo. Ubuchwepheshe obufana nokuhlolwa okungelonakalisi (i-NDT), kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-x-ray noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, kungathola noma yiziphi izivimbi ezingaba khona ezingahlehlisa ukwethenjwa kwesikhathi eside kwepayipi.
Ekuphetheni:
Ukwakhiwa kwamapayipi egesi engaphansi komhlaba usebenzisa ipayipi lensimbi eluhlaza okotshani kudinga ukuhambisana nezinqubo ezifanele zePipeline Welding. Ngokuqasha ama-welders aqeqeshiwe, ulungiselela ngokucophelela amalunga, alandele amasu afanele e-welding, futhi enze ukuhlola okuphelele, singaqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuqina, kanye nokusebenza kwalawa mapayipi. Ngokunaka ngokucophelela imininingwane enqubweni ye-welding, singaletha igesi yemvelo ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zamandla emiphakathini yethu ngenkathi ebeka phambili inhlala-kahle yezemvelo kanye nokuphepha komphakathi.
