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    Incazelo ye-API 5L 46th Edition ye-Line Pipe Scope

    Incazelo ye-API 5L 46th Edition ye-Line Pipe Scope Isithombe Esifakiwe
    • Incazelo ye-API 5L 46th Edition ye-Line Pipe Scope

    Incazelo emfushane:

    Kuchazwe ukukhiqizwa kwamazinga amabili omkhiqizo (i-PSL1 ne-PSL2) wepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo nelihlanganisiwe lokusetshenziswa kwepayipi ekuthuthweni kwephethiloli negesi yemvelo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuhlelo lokusebenza lwesevisi ye-Sour bheka i-Annex H kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwesevisi yasogwini lolwandle bheka i-Annex J ye-API5L 45th.


    Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

    Amathegi Omkhiqizo

    Isimo Sokulethwa

    I-PSL Isimo Sokulethwa Ibanga lepayipi
    I-PSL1 Njengoba kugoqwe, kujwayelekile, kwakheka ngokwejwayelekile

    A
    Njengoba kugoqwe, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, kwakheka ngendlela ejwayelekile, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi kuqiniswe noma uma kuvunyelwene nge-Q&T SMLS kuphela

    B
    Njengoba kugoqwe, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile, kwakheka ngendlela ejwayelekile, kugoqwe ngendlela ejwayelekile futhi kuqiniswe ngendlela evamile X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70
    I-PSL 2 Njengoba kugoqwe

    I-BR, X42R
    Ukulungisa okugoqiwe, okwenziwa ngendlela evamile, okwenziwa ngendlela evamile noma okwenziwa ngendlela evamile futhi okwenziwa ngendlela evamile I-BN, X42N, X46N, X52N, X56N, X60N
    Kucinyiwe futhi kuthambile I-BQ, X42Q, X46Q, X56Q, X60Q, X65Q, X70Q, X80Q, X90Q, X100Q
    I-Thermomechanical rolled noma i-thermomechanical eyakhiwe I-BM, X42M, X46M, X56M, X60M, X65M, X70M, X80M
    I-Thermomechanical rolled I-X90M, X100M, X120M
    Okwanele (R, N, Q noma M) kwamabanga e-PSL2, kungokwamazinga ensimbi

    Ulwazi Loku-oda

    I-oda lokuthenga lizofaka inani, izinga le-PSL, uhlobo noma iBanga, inkomba ye-API5L, ububanzi bangaphandle, ukujiya kodonga, ubude kanye nanoma yiziphi izithasiselo ezisebenzayo noma izidingo ezengeziwe ezihlobene nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, ukwelashwa kokushisa, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, inqubo yokukhiqiza, ukumbozwa kwendawo noma ukuphela kokuphela.

    Inqubo Ejwayelekile Yokukhiqiza

    Uhlobo Lwepayipi

    I-PSL 1

    I-PSL 2
    Ibanga A Ibanga B I-X42 kuya ku-X70 Kusukela ku-B kuya ku-X80 I-X80 kuya ku-X100
    I-SMLS

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    I-LFW

    ü

    ü

    ü
    HFW

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    LW

    ü
    I-SAWL

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    I-SAWH

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü

    ü
    I-SMLS - Ayinamthungo, ayinayo i-weld

    I-LFW – Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elinomfutho ophansi, <70 kHz

    I-HFW – Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elinomfutho ophezulu, >70 kHz

    I-SAWL – Ukushisela okufakwe ngaphansi komhlaba okuhlanganisiwe ...

    I-SAWH – Ukushisela okufakwe ngaphansi komhlaba okuhlanganisiwe okuhlanganisiwe okune-helical

    Izinto Zokuqala

    Ama-ingot, izimbali, ama-billet, ama-coil noma amapuleti asetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwepayipi kumele enziwe ngezinqubo ezilandelayo, i-oxygen eyisisekelo, isithando sikagesi noma isitofu esivulekile kuhlanganiswe nenqubo yokucwenga i-ladle. Kwi-PSL2, insimbi kufanele ibulawe futhi incibilikiswe ngokwenqubo yokusanhlamvu okuhle. Ikhoyili noma ipuleti elisetshenziselwa ipayipi le-PSL2 akufanele liqukathe noma yiziphi izingcezu zokulungisa.

    Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kwepayipi le-PSL 1 eline-t ≤ 0.984″

    Ibanga Lensimbi

    Ingxenye yesisindo, i-% ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kokushisa nomkhiqizo a, g

    C

    ubuningi b

    Mn

    ubuningi b

    P

    ubuningi

    S

    ubuningi

    V

    ubuningi

    Nb

    ubuningi

    Ti

    ubuningi

    Ipayipi Elingenamthungo

    A

    0.22

    0.90

    0.30

    0.30

    -

    -

    -

    B

    0.28

    1.20

    0.30

    0.30

    c,d

    c,d

    d

    X42

    0.28

    1.30

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X46

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X52

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X56

    0.28

    1.40

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X60

    0.28 e

    1.40 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    I-X65

    0.28 e

    1.40 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X70

    0.28 e

    1.40 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    A

    0.22

    0.90

    0.30

    0.30

    -

    -

    -

    B

    0.26

    1.2

    0.30

    0.30

    c,d

    c,d

    d

    X42

    0.26

    1.3

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X46

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    X52

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X56

    0.26

    1.4

    0.30

    0.30

    d

    d

    d

    I-X60

    0.26 e

    1.40 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    I-X65

    0.26 e

    1.45 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f

    X70

    0.26e

    1.65 e

    0.30

    0.30

    f

    f

    f
    1. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; kanye ne-Mo ≤ 0.15%
    2. Ukwehliswa ngakunye okungu-0.01% ngaphansi kokugxila okuphezulu okucacisiwe kwekhabhoni, kanye nokwenyuka okungu-0.05% ngaphezu kokugxila okuphezulu okucacisiwe kwe-Mn kuvunyelwe, kuze kufike ku-1.65% kumagreyidi ≥ B, kodwa ≤ = X52; kuze kufike ku-1.75% kumagreyidi > X52, kodwa < X70; futhi kuze kufike ku-2.00% kumagreyidi > X70.
    3. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela QAPHELA + V ≤ 0.06%
    4. I-Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%
    5. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela.
    6. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, QAPHELA + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%
    7. Akukho ukungezwa ngamabomu kuka-B okuvunyelwe futhi i-B esele ≤ 0.001%

    Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali kwepayipi le-PSL 2 elino-t ≤ 0.984″

    Ibanga Lensimbi

    Ingxenye yesisindo, i-% ngokusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kokushisa nomkhiqizo

    I-Carbon Equiv a

    C

    ubuningi b

    Si

    ubuningi

    Mn

    ubuningi b

    P

    ubuningi

    S

    ubuningi

    V

    ubuningi

    Nb

    ubuningi

    Ti

    ubuningi

    Okunye

    CE IIW

    ubuningi

    CE Pcm

    ubuningi

    Ipayipi Elingenamthungo Nelihlanganisiwe

    BR

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    c

    c

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X42R

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.06

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    BN

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    c

    c

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X42N

    0.24

    0.40

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.06

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X46N

    0.24

    0.40

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.07

    0.05

    0.04

    d,e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X52N

    0.24

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10

    0.05

    0.04

    d,e,l

    .043

    0.25

    X56N

    0.24

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10f

    0.05

    0.04

    d,e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X60N

    0.24f

    0.45f

    1.40f

    0.025

    0.015

    0.10f

    0.05f

    0.04f

    g,h,l

    Njengoba kuvunyelwene

    BQ

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X42Q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X46Q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X52Q

    0.18

    0.45

    1.50

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X56Q

    0.18

    0.45f

    1.50

    0.025

    0.015

    0.07

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X60Q

    0.18f

    0.45f

    1.70f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X65Q

    0.18f

    0.45f

    1.70f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X70Q

    0.18f

    0.45f

    1.80f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X80Q

    0.18f

    0.45f

    1.90f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    i,j

    Njengoba kuvunyelwene

    I-X90Q

    0.16f

    0.45f

    1.90

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    j,k

    Njengoba kuvunyelwene

    I-X100Q

    0.16f

    0.45f

    1.90

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    j,k

    Njengoba kuvunyelwene

    Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    BM

    0.22

    0.45

    1.20

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X42M

    0.22

    0.45

    1.30

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X46M

    0.22

    0.45

    1.30

    0.025

    0.015

    0.05

    0.05

    0.04

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X52M

    0.22

    0.45

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    d

    d

    d

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X56M

    0.22

    0.45f

    1.40

    0.025

    0.015

    d

    d

    d

    e,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X60M

    0.12f

    0.45f

    1.60f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X65M

    0.12f

    0.45f

    1.60f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X70M

    0.12f

    0.45f

    1.70f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    h,l

    .043

    0.25

    I-X80M

    0.12f

    0.45f

    1.85f

    0.025

    0.015

    g

    g

    g

    i,j

    .043f

    0.25

    I-X90M

    0.10

    0.55f

    2.10f

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    i,j

    -

    0.25

    I-X100M

    0.10

    0.55f

    2.10f

    0.020

    0.010

    g

    g

    g

    i,j

    -

    0.25
    1. Imikhawulo ye-SMLS t>0.787”, CE kufanele ibe njengoba kuvunyelwene. Imikhawulo ye-CEIIW esetshenziswayo fi C > 0.12% kanye nemikhawulo ye-CEPcm iyasebenza uma C ≤ 0.12%
    2. Ukwehliswa ngakunye okungu-0.01% ngaphansi kokugxila okuphezulu okucacisiwe kwekhabhoni, kanye nokwenyuka okungu-0.05% ngaphezu kokugxila okuphezulu okucacisiwe kwe-Mn kuvunyelwe, kuze kufike ku-1.65% kumagreyidi ≥ B, kodwa ≤ = X52; kuze kufike ku-1.75% kumagreyidi > X52, kodwa < X70; futhi kuze kufike ku-2.00% kumagreyidi > X70.
    3. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela Nb = V ≤ 0.06%
    4. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%
    5. Ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% kanye ne-Mo ≤ 0.15%
    6. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela
    7. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, i-Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%
    8. Ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% kanye ne-MO ≤ 0.50%
    9. Ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% kanye ne-MO ≤ 0.50%
    10. B ≤ 0.004%
    11. Ngaphandle uma kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55% kanye ne-MO ≤ 0.80%
    12. Kuwo wonke amamaki ephayiphi e-PSL 2 ngaphandle kwalawo mamaki anemibhalo yaphansi ephawulwe ngu-j, okulandelayo kuyasebenza. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuvunyelwene ngenye indlela akukho ukwengezwa okuhlosiwe kuka-B okuvunyelwe futhi okusele okungu-B ≤ 0.001%.

    Ukuthamba Nokukhuphula – PSL1 kanye ne-PSL2

    Ibanga Lepayipi

    Izakhiwo Zokuthamba – Umzimba Wepayipi we-SMLS kanye Namapayipi Ahlanganisiwe PSL 1

    Umthungo Wepayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    Amandla Okukhiqiza a

    Rt0,5I-PSI Min

    Amandla Okudonsa a

    I-Rm PSI Min

    Ukwelulwa

    (ku-2in Af % min)

    Amandla Okudonsa b

    I-Rm PSI Min

    A

    30,500

    48,600

    c

    48,600

    B

    35,500

    60,200

    c

    60,200

    X42

    42,100

    60,200

    c

    60,200

    I-X46

    46,400

    63,100

    c

    63,100

    X52

    52,200

    66,700

    c

    66,700

    I-X56

    56,600

    71,100

    c

    71,100

    I-X60

    60,200

    75,400

    c

    75,400

    I-X65

    65,300

    77,500

    c

    77,500

    X70

    70,300

    82,700

    c

    82,700
    a. Ngebanga eliphakathi, umehluko phakathi kwamandla okudonsa amancane acacisiwe kanye nenani eliphansi elicacisiwe lomzimba wepayipi kufanele libe njengoba linikezwe ngebanga elilandelayo eliphakeme.

    b. Kwamagreyidi aphakathi, amandla amancane okudonswa komthungo wokushisela kufanele afane nalawo anqunywe emzimbeni kusetshenziswa inothi lonyawo a.

    c. Ukwandiswa okuncane okucacisiwe, Af, uma ichazwe ngamaphesenti futhi ifinyelelwe kumaphesenti aseduze, izonqunywa kusetshenziswa i-equation elandelayo:

    Lapho u-C engu-1 940 wokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-Si kanye no-625 000 wokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-USC

    Axcingabe kuyasebenza indawo yesigaba sokuhlola esithambile, evezwe ngamamilimitha ayizikwele (amasentimitha ayizikwele), kanje

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola eziyindilinga ezinqamula ingxenye, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezingu-12.7 mm (0.500 in) kanye no-8.9 mm (.350 in) ububanzi; kanye no-65 mm2(0.10 in2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezingu-6.4 mm (0.250in) ububanzi.

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola zesigaba esigcwele, okungaphansi kuka-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yokuhlolwa, ethathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, ezungezwe yaya ku-10 mm eseduze2(0.10in2)

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola zemicu, okungaphansi kuka-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yengxenye yokuhlola, ethathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bengxenye yokuhlola kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, ezungezwe yaya ku-10 mm eseduze2(0.10in2)

    U amandla amancane okudonsa acacisiwe, aboniswa ngama-megapascals (amakhilogremu nge-intshi yesikwele)

    Ibanga Lepayipi

    Izakhiwo Zokunamathela – Umzimba Wepayipi we-SMLS kanye Namapayipi Ahlanganisiwe PSL 2

    Umthungo Wepayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    Amandla Okukhiqiza a

    Rt0,5I-PSI Min

    Amandla Okudonsa a

    I-Rm PSI Min

    Isilinganiso a,c

    R10,5IRm

    Ukwelulwa

    (ngamasentimitha angu-2)

    I-Af %

    Amandla Okudonsa d

    Rm(psi)

    Okuncane kakhulu

    Ubuningi

    Okuncane kakhulu

    Ubuningi

    Ubuningi

    Okuncane kakhulu

    Okuncane kakhulu
    I-BR, i-BN, i-BQ, i-BM

    35,500

    65,300

    60,200

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    60,200
    X42,X42R,X2Q,X42M

    42,100

    71,800

    60,200

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    60,200
    X46N,X46Q,X46M

    46,400

    76,100

    63,100

    95,000

    0.93

    f

    63,100
    X52N,X52Q,X52M

    52,200

    76,900

    66,700

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    66,700
    X56N,X56Q,X56M

    56,600

    79,000

    71,100

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    71,100
    X60N,X60Q,S60M

    60,200

    81,900

    75,400

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    75,400
    X65Q,X65M

    65,300

    87,000

    77,600

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    76,600
    X70Q,X65M

    70,300

    92,100

    82,700

    110,200

    0.93

    f

    82,700
    X80Q,X80M

    80,.500

    102,300

    90,600

    119,700

    0.93

    f

    90,600
    a. Ukuze uthole ibanga eliphakathi, bheka incazelo ephelele ye-API5L.

    b. kumamaki > X90 bheka imininingwane ephelele ye-API5L.

    c. Lo mkhawulo usebenza kumaphayi ane-D> 12.750 inches

    d. Kwamagremu aphakathi, amandla amancane okudonsa acacisiwe omthungo wokushisela kufanele abe nenani elifanayo njengoba kunqunywe emzimbeni wepayipi kusetshenziswa unyawo a.

    e. ngepayipi elidinga ukuhlolwa kwesikhathi eside, amandla aphezulu okukhiqiza kufanele abe ngu-≤ 71,800 psi

    f. Ukwelulwa okuncane okucacisiwe, Af, uma ichazwe ngamaphesenti futhi ifinyelelwe kumaphesenti aseduze, izonqunywa kusetshenziswa i-equation elandelayo:

    Lapho u-C engu-1 940 wokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-Si kanye no-625 000 wokubala kusetshenziswa amayunithi e-USC

    Axcingabe kuyasebenza indawo yesigaba sokuhlola esithambile, evezwe ngamamilimitha ayizikwele (amasentimitha ayizikwele), kanje

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola eziyindilinga ezinqamula ingxenye, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezingu-12.7 mm (0.500 in) kanye no-8.9 mm (.350 in) ububanzi; kanye no-65 mm2(0.10 in2) ngezingcezu zokuhlola ezingu-6.4 mm (0.250in) ububanzi.

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola zesigaba esigcwele, okungaphansi kuka-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yokuhlolwa, ethathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bangaphandle kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, ezungezwe yaya ku-10 mm eseduze2(0.10in2)

    - Kwezingcezu zokuhlola zemicu, okungaphansi kuka-a) 485 mm2(0.75 in2) kanye ne-b) indawo enqamula ingxenye yengxenye yokuhlola, ethathwe kusetshenziswa ububanzi obucacisiwe bengxenye yokuhlola kanye nobukhulu bodonga obucacisiwe bepayipi, ezungezwe yaya ku-10 mm eseduze2(0.10in2)

    U amandla amancane okudonsa acacisiwe, abonakaliswa ngama-megapascals (amakhilogremu nge-intshi yesikwele

    g. Amanani aphansi ka-R10,5IRm kungachazwa ngesivumelwano

    h. kumamaki > x90 bheka imininingwane ephelele ye-API5L.

    Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi

    Ipayipi elimelana nokuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic ngaphandle kokuvuza ngomthungo wokushisela noma umzimba wepayipi. Ama-jointer akudingeki ahlolwe nge-hydrostatic uma nje izingxenye zepayipi ezisetshenzisiwe zihlolwe ngempumelelo.

    Ukuhlolwa Kokugoba

    Akukho mifantu ezokwenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yengxenye yokuhlola futhi akukho kuvulwa kwe-weld okuzokwenzeka.

    Ukuhlolwa Kokuthamba

    Izindlela zokwamukelwa kokuhlolwa kokuthambekela kufanele zibe
    a) Amapayipi e-EW D<12.750 inches
    -≥ X60 ene-T≥0.500in, akufanele kube nokuvulwa kwe-weld ngaphambi kokuba ibanga eliphakathi kwamapuleti libe ngaphansi kuka-66% wobubanzi bangaphandle bokuqala. Kuzo zonke izinhlobo nodonga, 50%.
    -Kupayipi eline-D/t > 10, akufanele kube nokuvulwa kwe-weld ngaphambi kokuba ibanga eliphakathi kwamapuleti libe ngaphansi kuka-30% wobubanzi bangaphandle bokuqala.
    b) Ukuze uthole amanye amasayizi bheka incazelo ephelele ye-API5L

    Ukuhlolwa komthelela we-CVN kwe-PSL2

    Osayizi abaningi bamapayipi e-PSL2 kanye namazinga adinga i-CVN. Ipayipi elingenamthungo kufanele lihlolwe emzimbeni. Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe kufanele lihlolwe emzimbeni, endaweni ethintekile ekushiseni (HAZ). Bheka incazelo ephelele ye-API5L ukuze uthole ishadi losayizi namazinga kanye namanani wamandla adingekayo.

    Ukubekezelelana Ububanzi Bangaphandle, Ukungaguquguquki kanye nobukhulu bodonga

    Ububanzi obungaphandle obucacisiwe D (ngaphakathi)

    Ukubekezelelana kobubanzi, amasentimitha d

    Ukubekezelela Okungaphelele ku

    Ipayipi ngaphandle kokuphela a

    Isiphetho sepayipi a,b,c

    Ipayipi ngaphandle kokuphela a

    Isiphetho sepayipi a,b,c

    Ipayipi le-SMLS

    Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    Ipayipi le-SMLS

    Ipayipi Elihlanganisiwe

    < 2.375

    -0.031 kuya ku-+ 0.016

    - 0.031 kuya ku-+ 0.016

    0.048

    0.036

    ≥2.375 kuya ku-6.625

    +/- 0.0075D

    		 - 0.016 kuya ku-+ 0.063

    0.020D ye

    Ngesivumelwano se

    0.015D ye

    Ngesivumelwano se

    >6.625 kuya ku-24.000

    +/- 0.0075D

    +/- 0.0075D, kodwa ubuningi obungu-0.125

    +/- 0.005D, kodwa ubuningi obungu-0.063

    0.020D

    0.015D

    >24 kuya ku-56

    +/- 0.01D

    +/- 0.005D kodwa ubuningi obungu-0.160

    +/- 0.079

    +/- 0.063

    0.015D kodwa ubuningi obungu-0.060

    Ngoba

    Ngesivumelwano

    ngoba

    0.01D kodwa ubuningi obungu-0.500

    Ngoba

    Ngesivumelwano

    ngoba
    >56 Njengoba kuvunyelwene
    1. Ukuphela kwepayipi kuhlanganisa ubude obuyi-4 inches ubude bomphetho ngamunye wepayipi
    2. Kupayipi le-SMLS, ukubekezelelana kusebenza ku-t≤0.984in futhi ukubekezelelana kwepayipi elijiyile kufanele kube njengoba kuvunyelwene.
    3. Kumapayipi anwetshiwe ane-D≥8.625in kanye nepayipi elinganwetshiwe, ukubekezelelana kobubanzi kanye nokubekezelelana okungaphandle kokujikeleza kunganqunywa kusetshenziswa ububanzi bangaphakathi obalwe noma ububanzi bangaphakathi obulinganisiwe kune-OD ecacisiwe.
    4. Ukuze kunqunywe ukuhambisana nokubekezelelana kobubanzi, ububanzi bepayipi buchazwa njengomjikelezo wepayipi kunoma yikuphi ukuhlukaniswa kwendiza ejikelezayo yi-Pi.

    Ubukhulu bodonga

    amayintshi angu-t

    Ukubekezelelana

    amayintshi

    Ipayipi le-SMLS b

    ≤ 0.157

    + 0.024 / – 0.020

    > 0.157 kuya ku-< 0.948

    + 0.150t / – 0.125t

    ≥ 0.984

    + 0.146 noma + 0.1t, noma yikuphi okukhulu

    - 0.120 noma – 0.1t, noma yikuphi okukhulu

    Ipayipi elishiselwe c,d

    ≤ 0.197

    +/- 0.020
    > 0.197 kuya ku-< 0.591

    +/- 0.1t

    ≥ 0.591

    +/- 0.060
    1. Uma i-oda lokuthenga lichaza ukubekezelelana kokunciphisa ubukhulu bodonga obuncane kunenani elifanele elinikezwe kuleli thebula, ukubekezelelana kokuhlanganisa ubukhulu bodonga kuzokhushulwa ngenani elanele ukugcina ububanzi bokubekezelelana obufanele.
    2. Kumapayipi ane-D≥ 14.000 in kanye ne-t≥0.984in, ukubekezelelana kobukhulu bodonga endaweni kungadlula ukubekezelelana kobukhulu bodonga ngo-0.05t owengeziwe uma nje ukubekezelelana kobukhulu kungadluli.
    3. Ukubekezelela okuhle kokuqina kodonga akusebenzi endaweni yokushisela
    4. Bheka imininingwane ephelele ye-API5L ukuze uthole imininingwane egcwele
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