Amapayipi Okwakhiwa Kwesigaba Esingenalutho Olayini Bakagesi Yemvelo Abangaphansi Komhlaba

Amapayipi Okwakheka Kwesigaba Esingenalutho Olayini Begesi Yemvelo Abangaphansi Komhlaba Isithombe Esifakiwe

Incazelo emfushane:

Lapho kwakhiwa amapayipi egesi yemvelo angaphansi komhlaba, ukukhetha impahla kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwengqalasizinda.Amashubhu esakhiwo sesigaba esingenalutho, ikakhulukazi amashubhu e-arc angaphansi kwamanzi asongekile, aya ngokuya eduma ngenxa yamandla awo aphakeme, ukuqina kwawo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Kule bhulogi, sizohlola ukubaluleka kokungenalutho-ingxenye yamapayipi esakhiwo ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi egesi yemvelo angaphansi komhlaba kanye nezinzuzo ezibalulekile ezinikezayo.

Thumela i-imeyili kithi

Imininingwane Yomkhiqizo

Omaka bomkhiqizo

I-arc engaphansi kwe-Spiralipayipiszisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwemigqa yegesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba ngenxa yenqubo yazo eyingqayizivele yokukhiqiza.Amapayipi akhiwa ngokwenza amakhoyili ensimbi egoqelwe ashisayo abe yisimo esithandelayo bese ewashisela kusetshenziswa inqubo yokushisela engaphansi kwamanzi.Lokhu kukhiqiza amandla aphezulu amapayipi e-arc angaphansi kwe-Spiral anogqinsi olufanayo nokunemba okuhle kakhulu kwe-dimensional, okuwenza alungele ukuthuthwa kwegesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba.

Ithebula 2 Izakhiwo Eziyinhloko Zomzimba Nezamakhemikhali Zamapayipi Ensimbi (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 kanye ne-API Spec 5L)
Okujwayelekile	Ibanga Lensimbi	Amakhemikhali (%)						I-Tensile Property						Ukuhlolwa Komphumela we-Charpy(V notch)
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Okunye	I-Yield Strength (Mpa)		Amandla Okuqina (Mpa)		(L0=5.65 √ S0 (iminithi Lokukala Lokunwebeka) (%)
		ubuningi	ubuningi	ubuningi	ubuningi	ubuningi	Okunye	imiz	ubuningi	imiz	ubuningi	D ≤ 168.33mm	D ＞ 168.3mm
I-GB/T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 ＜ 1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Ingeza i-Nb\V\Ti ngokuvumelana ne-GB/T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215B	≤ 0.15	0.25-0,55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 ＜ 0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q235B	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	>26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1,50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q295B	0.16	0.80-1,50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	>23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	>21
	Q345B	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	>21
I-GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1)	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Uma ukhetha ukungeza enye yezinto ze-Nb\V\Ti nanoma iyiphi inhlanganisela yazo	175		310		27		Inkomba eyodwa noma ezimbili zokuqina kwamandla kanye nendawo yokugunda ingase ikhethwe.Nge-L555, bona indinganiso.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
I-API 5L (PSL 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Okwensimbi yezinga B,Nb+V ≤ 0.03%;yensimbi ≥ grade B,ongakukhetha ukungeza i-Nb noma i-V noma inhlanganisela yakho, kanye ne-Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		(L0=50.8mm) kufanele ibalwe ngokuvumelana nefomula elandelayo:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A:Indawo yesampula ku-mm2 U: Amandla amancane okubamba acacisiwe ku-Mpa		Awekho noma amanye noma womabili amandla okuthinta nendawo yokugunda edingekayo njengombandela wokuqina.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zamapayipi esakhiwo anesigaba esingenalutho ukumelana nokugqwala kwawo okuhle kakhulu.Lapho egqitshwa ngaphansi komhlaba, amapayipi egesi yemvelo athola umswakama, amakhemikhali enhlabathi nezinye izakhi ezigqwalayo.Amapayipi e-arc angaphansi kwe-Spiral aklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukumelana nalezi zimo ezinzima zangaphansi komhlaba, ukuqinisekisa ubude besikhathi eside nokuthembeka kwamapayipi egesi yemvelo.

Ngaphezu kokumelana nokugqwala,amapayipi esakhiwo anengxenye engenaluthozinikeza amandla aphakeme nokuzinza, okwenza zifanele ukufakwa ngaphansi komhlaba.Ukwakheka okuvunguzayo kwala mapayipi kunikeza amandla amahle kakhulu okuthwala, okuwavumela ukuba amelane nesisindo senhlabathi namanye amandla angaphandle ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ubuqotho bawo besakhiwo.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinegeology eyinselele, lapho amapayipi kufanele akwazi ukumelana nokunyakaza komhlaba kanye nokuhlala.

Ukwengeza, amapayipi esakhiwo sesigaba esingenalutho aziwa ngokuguquguquka kwawo kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko.Ziza ngosayizi nobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi zingenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezithile zamaphrojekthi wepayipi legesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba.Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokufakwa okwengeziwe kanye nokushisela, okuholela ekufakweni okusheshayo kanye nezindleko eziphelele.Imvelo engasindi yala mapayipi yenza futhi ukuthutha nokuphatha kusebenze kahle, kube nomthelela ekongeni izindleko.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuphepha nokusebenza kahle kweimigqa yegesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba, ukukhetha impahla kubalulekile.Amapayipi esakhiwo anengxenye engenalutho, ikakhulukazi amapayipi e-arc angaphansi kwamanzi asongekile, ahlanganisa amandla, ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko, okuwenza alungele ukudluliswa kwegesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba.Ngokutshala imali kumapayipi ekhwalithi ephezulu aklanyelwe ngqo izinsiza ezingaphansi komhlaba, izinkampani zegesi zingaqinisekisa ukwethembeka nokuhlala isikhathi eside kwengqalasizinda yazo kuyilapho zinciphisa izindleko zokulungisa nokulungisa isikhathi eside.

Kafushane, amapayipi esakhiwo ayingxenye enqamulayo adlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni kwemigqa yegesi yemvelo engaphansi komhlaba.Ukumelana nokugqwala kwayo okuphakeme, amandla aphakeme nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko kuyenza ibe ukukhetha kokuqala kumaphrojekthi okuthutha igesi yemvelo.Ngokukhetha izinto ezifanele zezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, izinkampani zegesi yemvelo zingakwazi ukugcina ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwengqalasizinda yazo, ekugcineni zisize ukuletha igesi yemvelo ngokuphumelelayo kubathengi.