Yethula:
Ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda kanye nasembonini,ububanzi obukhulu amapayipi ama-weldeddlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni amandla, ukuqina kanye nokuguquguquka kwamanye amazwe. Lawa mapayipi abucayi emikhakheni ehlukahlukene kufaka phakathi izinto zokuhamba zamafutha kanye negesi, ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kanye nemisebenzi yokwakha. Amapayipi ama-weldeter amakhulu enze amapayipi aqakathekile ekwenzeni intuthuko kanye nenqubekela phambili yomphakathi emhlabeni wonke ngezimpawu zawo ezinhle nokusebenza okuthembekile.
1. Ukuvela kobubanzi obukhulu obunamapayipi ama-weldeter:
Ipayipi eline-weldeter enkulu lize lide ezintweni zokwakha, ukuklama nokwakheka kwezobuchwepheshe eminyakeni edlule. Ekuqaleni, amapayipi endabuko owenziwe ngokhuni, ubumba noma insimbi esetshenzisiwe. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthukile, i-Steel yaba yinto efanelekile yamapayipi amakhulu abuyisiwe ngenxa yamandla ayo aphakeme kanye nokuphikiswa kokugqwala. Namuhla, amapayipi asuselwa kwinsimbi asuselwa ku-weldeter abusa emakethe, aqinisekise izixazululo zengqalasizinda ezihlala isikhathi eside.
2. Amandla angenakuqhathaniswa nokuqina:
Ububanzi obukhuluIpayipi elinqunyelweyaziwa ngamandla ayo aphezulu nokuqina. Lawa mapayipi akhiqizwa ensimbi esezingeni eliphakeme ukumelana nengcindezi yangaphandle kanye nokuxineka kwangaphakathi. Amalunga we-Welded akhulisa ubuqotho bepayipi, ukuvumela ukubekezelela izimo ezimbi kakhulu njengamazinga okushisa aphezulu, imithwalo esindayo, kanye nezici zezemvelo. Ngakho-ke, amapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter anikezela ngamapayipi athembekile futhi aphephile wokuhambisa uketshezi, amagesi nezinto zokwakha amabanga amade.
3. Ukuguquguquka kwezimo ezimbonini:
Amapayipi amakhulu abuyiwe asetshenziswa kabanzi emasimini ahlukene wezimboni. Embonini kawoyela negesi, la mapayipi asetshenziselwa ukuthutha uwoyela ongahluziwe, igesi yemvelo, nemikhiqizo ye-petroleum ecwengekile. Ngokufanayo, ezinhlelweni zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, amapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter asetshenziselwa ukuletha kahle amanzi okuphuza, aqinisekise ukuqhubeka okuqhubekayo ezindaweni zasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la mapayipi abucayi kumaphrojekthi wokwakha amaningi, kufaka phakathi izakhiwo eziphakeme, amabhuloho, kanye nemigudu engaphansi komhlaba, ukuhlinzeka amandla nokuqina kwalesi sakhiwo.
4. Izinzuzo zezomnotho nezemvelo:
Amapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter aletha izinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho emkhakheni nasemphakathini. Ngenxa yempilo yabo ende yesevisi kanye nezidingo zokulungiswa okuphansi, la mapayipi aqinisekisa imali yezezimali yesikhathi eside. Amapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter futhi afaka isandla ekusimeni kwemvelo ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwezinto eziyingozi, ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwenhlabathi, futhi kunika amandla ezinye izindlela zokuhamba ezinobungane bezokuhamba.
5. Ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi kanye namazinga omhlaba:
Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter kulandela amazinga nemithetho esezingeni elifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka komkhiqizo nokuphepha. Abakhiqizi basebenzisa amasu wokuhlola athuthukile, kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic, i-radiography kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezelo ye-hydrostatic, ukuhlola ubuqotho bePipeline nokuqina. Ihambisana namazinga ahlukahlukene aphesheya anjenge-American Petroleum Institute (API) kanye nomphakathi waseMelika wokuhlola nezinto zokwakha (i-ASTM), eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwekhwalithi ephezulu yamapayipi ama-weldeter amakhulu.
Ekuphetheni:
Ububanzi obukhulu be-weldeter buguqukele emkhakheni wengqalasizinda, ukuhlinzeka ngamandla angenakuqhathaniswa, ukuqina nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ukusuka ekuthuthweni kwamandla abalulekile ukwenza lula amasistimu wokuhambisa amanzi afanele, la mapayipi abalulekile ezimbonini eziningi. Ngekhwalithi yayo ephezulu kanye nokuhambisana namazinga omhlaba, amapayipi amakhulu we-weldeter anikezela ngesisekelo esithembekile sokuthuthuka okuzinzile kanye nokukhula komnotho, ukuqinisekisa ikusasa eliqhakazile lemiphakathi emhlabeni wonke.
Isikhathi sePosi: Oct-24-2023