Ipayipi Lensimbi Elihlanganisiwe: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wokuqinisekisa Ukuxhumana Okusebenzayo Nokuthembekile

Yethula:

Kuzo zonke izimboni, amapayipi ensimbi asetshenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yamandla awo, ukuqina kwawo, kanye nokuguquguquka kwawo. Uma uhlanganisa amapayipi ensimbi, ukushisela kuyindlela ekhethwayo. Ukushisela kudala ukuxhumana okuqinile okungamelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu, okwenza kube yinto ebalulekile emikhakheni efana nokwakha, uwoyela negesi, kanye nokukhiqiza. Kule bhulogi, sizogxila ekubalulekeni kokushisela amapayipi ensimbi futhi sinikeze umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nokuthembekile.

Impahla Yomshini

Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali

Ukuhlolwa Kwamanzi

Ubude bepayipi ngalinye kufanele buhlolwe ngumenzi ngengcindezi ye-hydrostatic ezokhiqiza odongeni lwepayipi ukucindezeleka okungaphansi kuka-60% wamandla amancane okukhiqiza ashiwo ekushiseni kwegumbi. Ukucindezela kuzonqunywa yi-equation elandelayo:
P=2St/D

Izinguquko Ezivumelekile Ezisindweni Nasezilinganisweni

Ubude bepayipi ngalinye kufanele bulinganiswe ngokwehlukana futhi isisindo salo akumele sihluke ngaphezu kuka-10% noma u-5.5% ngaphansi kwesisindo salo esicatshangelwayo, esibalwa kusetshenziswa ubude balo kanye nesisindo salo ngobude beyunithi ngayinye.
Ububanzi bangaphandle akumele buhluke ngaphezu kuka-±1% kobubanzi obujwayelekile bangaphandle obubekiwe.
Ubukhulu bodonga nganoma yisiphi isikhathi akumele bube ngaphezu kuka-12.5% ​​ngaphansi kobukhulu bodonga obubekiwe.

Ubude

Ubude obungahleliwe obubodwa: 16 kuya ku-25ft (4.88 kuya ku-7.62m)
Ubude obuphindwe kabili obungahleliwe: ngaphezu kwamafidi angu-25 kuya ku-35 (7.62 kuya ku-10.67m)
Ubude obufanayo: ukuhlukahluka okuvunyelwe ±1in

Ukuphela

Izinqwaba zamapayipi kumele zifakwe iziphetho ezingenalutho, bese kuthi izimbobo ezisemaphethelweni zisuswe.
Uma ukuphela kwepayipi okuchazwe ukuthi kube yiziphetho ze-bevel, i-engeli kufanele ibe ngama-degree angu-30 kuya kwangu-35.

1. Qonda amapayipi ensimbi:

 Amapayipi ensimbiziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, izimo kanye nezinto zokwakha, ngayinye ifanele ukusetshenziswa okuthile. Ngokuvamile zenziwe ngensimbi yekhabhoni, insimbi engagqwali noma insimbi ye-alloy. Amapayipi ensimbi yekhabhoni asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yokungabizi kwawo kanye namandla awo, kuyilapho amapayipi ensimbi engagqwali enikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala. Ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu, amapayipi ensimbi ye-alloy ayathandwa. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ensimbi kuzosiza ekunqumeni inketho efanele yokushisela.

2. Khetha inqubo yokushisela:

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinqubo zokushisela ezisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ipayipi lensimbi, okuhlanganisa ukushisela i-arc, ukushisela i-TIG (tungsten inert gas), ukushisela i-MIG (metal inert gas), kanye nokushisela i-arc engaphansi komhlaba. Ukukhetha inqubo yokushisela kuncike ezintweni ezifana nohlobo lwensimbi, ububanzi bepayipi, indawo yokushisela kanye nomklamo wamalunga. Indlela ngayinye inezinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yayo, ngakho-ke ukukhetha inqubo efanele kakhulu yesicelo esifunwayo kubalulekile.

3. Lungisa ipayipi lensimbi:

Ukulungiswa kahle kwepayipi ngaphambi kokushisela kubalulekile ekufinyeleleni ijoyinti eliqinile nelithembekile. Kuhilela ukuhlanza ubuso bepayipi ukuze kususwe noma yikuphi ukugqwala, isikali noma ukungcola. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela zokuhlanza ngomshini njengokuxubha ucingo noma ukugaya, noma ngokusebenzisa izihlanzi zamakhemikhali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxubha ukuphela kwepayipi kudala umsele omise okwe-V ovumela ukungena okungcono kwezinto zokugcwalisa, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula inqubo yokushisela.

4. Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela:

Indlela yokushisela esetshenziswayo ithinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yejoyinti. Kuye ngenqubo yokushisela esetshenziswayo, amapharamitha afanele njengogesi wokushisela, i-voltage, isivinini sokuhamba kanye nokufakwa kokushisa kumele kugcinwe. Ikhono nolwazi lomshiseli nalo ludlala indima ebalulekile ekufezeni ukushisela okuhle nokungenamaphutha. Amasu anjengokusebenza kahle kwe-electrode, ukugcina i-arc ezinzile, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwegesi okuvikelayo okwanele kungasiza ekunciphiseni amaphutha anjengokubhoboka noma ukuntuleka kokuhlangana.

5. Ukuhlolwa ngemva kokushiselwa:

Uma ukushisela sekuqediwe, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwangemva kokushisela ukuze kutholakale noma yimaphi amaphutha noma amaphutha angafaka engcupheni ubuqotho belunga. Izindlela zokuhlola ezingonakalisi njengokuhlola okubonakalayo, ukuhlolwa kokufaka udayi, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya zamagnetic noma ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound zingasetshenziswa. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ekuboneni izinkinga ezingaba khona nokuqinisekisa ukuthi amalunga ashiselwe ahlangabezana nezimfuneko ezidingekayo.

Ekuphetheni:

 Ipayipi Lensimbi Lokushiselakudinga ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kanye nokusebenza ngendlela efanele ukuqinisekisa ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nokuthembekile. Ngokuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zamapayipi ensimbi, ukukhetha inqubo yokushisela efanele, ukulungiselela ngokugcwele ipayipi, ukusebenzisa amasu okushisela afanele, kanye nokwenza ukuhlolwa kwangemva kokushisela, ungafinyelela ukushisela okuqinile nokusezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu kusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuphepha, ukuthembeka kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kwamapayipi ensimbi ezisetshenziswayo ezahlukahlukene lapho kuyizingxenye ezibalulekile khona.