Yethula:
Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo liyingxenye ebalulekile kumaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene engqalasizinda, okuhlanganisa amapayipi kawoyela negesi, izinhlelo zokulethwa kwamanzi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesakhiwo. Njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo onjiniyela, imininingwane ethile kumele ilandelwe ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwala mapayipi. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola ubunzima bawoimininingwane yepayipi elihlanganisiwe eliyindilingaukunikeza umhlahlandlela ophelele wokuqonda kangcono lo mkhiqizo obalulekile wezimboni.
1. Incazelo kanye nezinzuzo:
Indlela yokukhiqiza yeipayipi elihlanganisiwe eliyindilingaiwukushisela umugqa wensimbi ogoqwe ngokushisa ube yisimo esijikelezayo ngokwakha okujikelezayo okuqhubekayo. Imiphetho yemigqa ihlanganiswa ndawonye kusetshenziswa ukushisela kwe-arc okufakwe emaceleni amabili (i-DSAW) ukwakha ipayipi elinamandla aphezulu elinokuqina okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokumelana nokuguquguquka. Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zepayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo zifaka phakathi ubuqotho obuhle besakhiwo, amandla afanayo ngobude bepayipi, kanye nekhono lokubekezelela ukucindezeleka okuphezulu kwangaphakathi.
2. Ububanzi kanye nobukhulu bodonga:
Imininingwane yamapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo ifaka phakathi amapharamitha ahlukahlukene, okubaluleke kakhulu kuwo ububanzi kanye nobukhulu bodonga lwepayipi. Lezi zilinganiso zincike ekusetshenzisweni okuhlosiwe kanye nezimo zokusebenza. Ngokuvamile, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo litholakala ngobubanzi obukhulu kunepayipi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe elingenamthungo noma eliqondile, ngokuvamile lisukela kumasentimitha angu-8 kuya kumasentimitha angu-126 (203.2 kuya ku-3200 mm) noma ngaphezulu. Ubukhulu bodonga busukela ku-6 mm kuya ku-25.4 mm noma ngaphezulu.
3. Ibanga lensimbi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali:
Ukukhethwa kwebanga lensimbi kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni izakhiwo zemishini kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwamapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo. Amabanga ensimbi asetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi ajikelezayo afaka uchungechunge lwe-API 5L X, amabanga e-ASTM A252 2 kanye no-3, kanye namabanga e-ASTM A139 B kanye no-C. Lawa mabanga ensimbi anqunywa ngokusekelwe emandleni okukhiqiza kanye nokulingana nekhabhoni ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okuthile.
4. Ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa:
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi kanye nokuthembeka kwamapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo, abakhiqizi balandela izinqubo zokuhlola nokuhlola eziqinile. Ukuhlolwa okubalulekile okwenziwayo kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa kwe-hydrostatic, ukuhlolwa okungabhubhisi (njengokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic noma kwe-radiographic) kanye nokuhlolwa kwemishini (ukuhlolwa kokudonsa, ukukhuphula kanye nokushaya). Lokhu kuhlolwa kuqinisekisa ukuthi amapayipi ahlangabezana namazinga adingekayo okuqina, usayizi kanye nokuvuza.
5. Ukumbozwa kanye nokuvikelwa kwendawo:
Ukuze kuvikelwe amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo ekugqwaleni nakwezinye izici zangaphandle, kunezinketho ezahlukene zokumboza ubuso. Lezi zingubo zingafaka i-epoxy, i-coal tar enamel noma i-polyethylene, phakathi kwezinye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela zokuvikela i-cathodic ezifana nama-anode e-sacrifice noma izinhlelo zamanje ezithintekile zingasetshenziswa ukuvikela amapayipi.
Ekuphetheni:
Ukuqonda imininingwane yepayipi elihlanganisiwe eliyi-spiral kubalulekile konjiniyela, abaphathi bephrojekthi kanye nababambiqhaza ababandakanyeka kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda. Ngokucabangela ububanzi, ukujiya kodonga, izinga lensimbi, ukuhlolwa kanye nokuvikelwa kobuso, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ipayipi lihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokusebenza ezidingekayo. Ukuthobela kahle amakhodi akugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ubude nokuphepha kohlelo lwakho lwamapayipi, kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa okuthembekile koketshezi, amagesi nezinye izinto. Ngokunaka imininingwane, onjiniyela kanye nababambiqhaza bangafinyelela imiphumela yephrojekthi ephumelelayo ngenkathi behlangabezana nezindinganiso nemithethonqubo edingekayo embonini.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba 11-2023