Yethula:
Endaweni enkulu yengqalasizinda yezimboni, ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo zamapayipi ezisebenzayo nezithembekile akunakubukelwa phansi. Amapayipi endabuko avame ukuba nokugqwala, ukuvuza kanye namandla anganele. Kodwa-ke, kuvele ikhambi eliguqukayo elingaxazulula ngempumelelo lezi zinkinga - ithubhu lomthungo ojikelezayo. Kule bhulogi, singena ngokujulile ezweni le-amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo, ukuhlola izinzuzo zazo ezihlukile, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nomthelela wazo ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuthembeka kuzo zonke izimboni.
Izinzuzo zepayipi lomthungo elijikelezayo:
Ipayipi lomthungo ojikelezayoithola amandla ayo nokuqina kwayo enqubweni yayo yokukhiqiza eyingqayizivele. Lawa mapayipi akhiwa ngokugoqa njalo umucu wensimbi uzungeze i-mandrel, enezingqimba ezigobile. Lo mklamo oyingqayizivele unezinzuzo eziningi ezenza amapayipi okuthunga ajikelezayo athandwe kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ezimbonini.
1. Amandla nokuqina okuthuthukisiwe:
Umklamo womthungo ojikelezayo wala mapayipi uqinisekisa amandla nokuqina okumangalisayo, okwenza afanelekele ukucindezela okukhulu kanye nemithwalo esindayo. Lokhu kuwenza afaneleke kakhulu kumapulatifomu asogwini lolwandle, ezindaweni zokuhluza kanye nezinye izindawo eziyinselele.
2. Ukumelana nokugqwala:
Ukugqwala kuyinkinga enkulu yamapayipi. Kodwa-ke, ipayipi lomthungo eliyindilinga lenziwe ngezinto ezinokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala, okuvimbela ukugqwala nezinye izinhlobo zokuwohloka. Ngenxa yalokho, zihlala isikhathi eside kunamapayipi avamile, okunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa noma ukushintshwa njalo.
3. Akukho ukusebenza okuvuzayo:
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zepayipi lomthungo ojikelezayo yizithungo zawo ezihlanganisiwe, ezivumela ikhambi elingenamthungo, elingenawo amanzi. Ngokususa ingozi yokuvuza, la mapayipi ahlinzeka ngendlela ethembekile yokudlulisa uketshezi, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kwezinqubo zezimboni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwepayipi lomthungo ojikelezayo:
Ipayipi lomthungo ojikelezayoinokusebenza okubanzi ezimbonini ezahlukene ngenxa yokuqina kwayo nokuthembeka kwayo. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zifaka:
1. Imboni kawoyela negesi:
Emkhakheni kawoyela negesi, amapayipi omthungo ajikelezayo asetshenziselwa ukuthutha ama-hydrocarbon amabanga amade. Amandla aleli payipi okumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye nezindawo ezigqwalayo alenza libe yingxenye ebalulekile yamanethiwekhi okumba, ukuhluza kanye nokusabalalisa ugesi ogwini lolwandle.
2. Uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi:
Ipayipi lomthungo elijikelezayo lifaneleka kahle ezinhlelweni zokuphakelwa kwamanzi lapho ukugqwala nokuvuza kubalulekile khona. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuseziphakelweni zamanzi zikamasipala noma kumanethiwekhi okunisela, la mapayipi aqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamanzi ahlanzekile ngendlela ephumelelayo nethembekile.
3. Ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda:
Kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda, ipayipi lomthungo elijikelezayo lisetshenziswa kabanzi ekukhipheni amanzi, ekuphathweni kwamanzi emvula kanye nasezinhlelweni zokusetshenziswa komhlaba. Ukwakhiwa kwalo okuqinile kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nezinto zangaphandle kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthembekile kwamaphrojekthi okwakha amakhulu emhlabeni jikelele.
Ekuphetheni:
Amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo anikeza ikhambi elisha elikhulisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kuzo zonke izimboni. Kusukela emandleni angavamile kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kuya ekusebenzeni okungenawo amanzi, la mapayipi abonisa ukuthembeka ngisho nasezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi embonini kawoyela negesi, izinhlelo zokuhlinzeka ngamanzi, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kufakazela ukusebenza kwawo kahle. Ukusebenzisa la mapayipi avelele kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa ngenkathi kukhulisa ukuphepha nokukhiqiza. Njengoba imboni iqhubeka nokuthuthuka, amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo ngokungangabazeki azodlala indima ebalulekile ekwakheni ikusasa eliqinile nelisebenza kahle.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-29-2023