Isingeniso:
Ekwakhiweni kwemigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukukhethwa kwamapayipi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuqina kwawo nokusebenza kwawo okuhlala isikhathi eside.Ukushisela amapayipi ensimbiubuchwepheshe buthuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kanti ezinye izindlela ezifana namapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo ziyavela. Kule bhulogi, sizohlola izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo emigqeni yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba nokuthi abhekana kanjani nezinselele ezihambisana nalezi zinhlelo ezibalulekile zengqalasizinda.
Izinzuzo zamapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo:
Ipayipi lomthungo eliyi-helicalithandwa kakhulu embonini yokwakha, ikakhulukazi ekufakweni kwemigqa yamanzi ngaphansi komhlaba. Lawa mapayipi enziwa kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile bokushisela umthungo ojikelezayo. Le nqubo iqinisekisa umthungo oqhubekayo nofanayo ubude bepayipi, onikeza izinzuzo eziningana.
Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zepayipi lomthungo eliyindilinga amandla alo angavamile. Imithungo eqhubekayo isiza ekuthuthukiseni ubuqotho besakhiwo sepayipi, okwenza imelane kakhulu nokuvuza nokugqwala. Lesi sici sibalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwemigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngoba la mapayipi ahlala evezwa ezimweni ezahlukene zenhlabathi kanye namatafula amanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo ayaziwa ngokubekezelela kwawo okuqinile nokunembile, okusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yokulahleka kwamanzi ngenxa yethonya langaphandle. Ukuqondaniswa okunembile kwemithungo ejikelezayo kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwe-hydraulic kwepayipi futhi kuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanzi okuzinzile nokuthembekile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-weld ku-ipayipi lomthungo ojikelezayokuthuthukisa amandla ayo okuthwala umthwalo, okuyisici esibalulekile lapho kwakhiwa imigqa yamanzi engaphansi komhlaba. Amandla engeziwe enza ipayipi likwazi ukumelana nengcindezi ebangelwa inhlabathi ezungezile, okuvimbela noma yikuphi ukuguquka noma ukuwohloka.
Bhekana nenselele:
Ukufakwa kwemigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba kuveza izinselelo ezihlukile. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukunyakaza kwenhlabathi, ukuhlangana kwamapayipi avuzayo kanye nezindawo ezigqwalisayo. Ngenhlanhla, amapayipi omthungo ajikelezayo abhekana ngempumelelo nalezi zinselelo futhi anikeze ikhambi elisebenzayo.
Ukushisela umthungo okuqhubekayo emapayipini omthungo ajikelezayo kuthuthukisa ikhono lawo lokuvimbela ukuvuza. Leli khwalithi linciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulahleka kwamanzi ngenxa yokwehluleka kwamalunga epayipi, okuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwamanzi okuthembekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, azikho izihlanganisi ezikude kwepayipi, okususa izindawo ezibuthakathaka ezingaba khona ezivame ukuvuza, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ukuthutha amanzi amabanga amade.
Amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo nawo aklanyelwe ukumelana nokugqwala kwezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba. Avame ukumbozwa ngesembozo esivikelayo ukuze amelane nemiphumela yokugqwala yokungcola komhlabathi kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Lokhu kumelana nokugqwala kwandisa impilo yepayipi futhi kunciphisa isidingo sokulungiswa njalo, okwenza kube ukukhetha okungabizi kakhulu kwamaphrojekthi omugqa wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Isiphetho:
Ngamafuphi, amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo anikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngaphezu kwamapayipi omugqa wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba avamile. Ubuchwepheshe bawo bokushisela umthungo oqhubekayo buqinisekisa amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokuvuza kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Lezi zimfanelo, ezihambisana nokubekezelelana okunembile kanye namakhono okuthwala umthwalo, zenza ipayipi lomthungo ojikelezayo libe yisisombululo esithembekile nesihlala isikhathi eside sokufakwa kwamapayipi amanzi isikhathi eside. Ngokukhetha amapayipi omthungo ojikelezayo, singaqinisekisa ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi okusebenzayo nokuqhubekayo, okunegalelo ekukhuleni nasekuchumeni kwemiphakathi yethu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Okthoba-08-2023