Ukubaluleka Kwezinqwaba Zensimbi Ekwakhiweni Kwemigqa Yamanzi Angaphansi Komhlaba
Lapho kwakhiwa imigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, ukukhethwa kwezinto kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ubuqotho nokusebenza kahle kwesikhathi eside kohlelo.Inqwaba Yensimbi Eyi-Tubulars, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi amapayipi, asetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yamandla awo aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuguquguquka. Kulesi simo, amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo ayisinqumo esifanele sokwakhiwa kwamapayipi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngenxa yemininingwane yawo kanye nezinzuzo zawo ezithile.
Amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo akhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo yokushisela umthungo ojikelezayo, engakha ukushisela okujikelezayo okuqhubekayo ngobude bepayipi. Lobu buchwepheshe bokushisela abuqinisekisi nje kuphela ukuhambisana kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yama-weld, kodwa futhi bukhiqiza amapayipi anobubanzi obukhulu kanye nezindonga ezijiyile, okwenza afanelekele izimo ezinzima zokufakwa kwamapayipi amanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Impahla Yomshini
| Ibanga 1 | Ibanga lesi-2 | Ibanga lesi-3 | |
| Iphuzu Lokukhiqiza noma amandla okukhiqiza, min, i-Mpa(PSI) | 205(30 000) | 240(35 000) | 310(45 000) |
| Amandla okudonsa, i-min, i-Mpa(PSI) | 345(50 000) | 415(60 000) | 455(66 0000) |
Enye yezincazelo ezibalulekile zepayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo yikhono lokufinyelela ukunemba okukhulu kanye nokuqondile uma kuqhathaniswa nepayipi elihlanganisiwe elihlanganisiwe eliqondile elijwayelekile. Lesi sici sibaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni komugqa wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, lapho ukuvumelanisa amapayipi okunembile kanye nokugeleza kwamanzi okufanayo kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwesistimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuso obubushelelezi bangaphakathi bamapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo bunciphisa ukungqubuzana kanye nokwehla kwengcindezi, okusiza ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokugeleza kwamanzi kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe eliyi-spiral liyatholakala ngezinto ezahlukahlukene kanye nezingubo zokumboza ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezithile zemvelo nezokusebenza. Kusukela ensimbini yekhabhoni kuya ku-alloy kanye nensimbi engagqwali, la mapayipi anikeza ukumelana okumangalisayo nokugqwala, ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kanye nokucindezeleka komshini, okuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside ekusetshenzisweni komugqa wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingubo zokuvikela ezifana ne-epoxy, i-polyethylene, kanye ne-polyurethane zingasetshenziswa ukwandisa ukuqina kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo yamapayipi ahlanganisiwe ahlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zenhlabathi ebolile kanye namanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ngokuphathelene nokufakwa, ama-Steel Tubular Piles, okuhlanganisa namapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo, anezinzuzo ezibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba. Amandla awo aphezulu okuthwala umthwalo kanye nokuqina kwesakhiwo kuvumela ukumbozwa okujulile kanye nokusekelwa kwemigqa yamanzi, ngisho nasezimweni ezinzima zomhlabathi kanye nezindawo zejoloji. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo olulula lwamapayipi ensimbi lusiza ukuphathwa nokuthuthwa, kunciphisa isikhathi sokufakwa kanye nezindleko. Ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo lingaxhunywa kalula kusetshenziswa izindlela ezahlukene zokuxhuma, linikeze ikhambi eliguquguqukayo nelisebenzayo lamaphrojekthi emigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Ngamafuphi, ukusetshenziswa kwamapayipi ensimbi (ikakhulukazi amapayipi ahlanganisiwe ajikelezayo) kubalulekile ekwakhiweni okuphumelelayo kwamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngezincazelo zawo ezihlukile, okuhlanganisa ukunemba okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nokuguquguquka kokufakwa, ipayipi elihlanganisiwe elijikelezayo linikeza inhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yamandla kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamapayipi amanzi isikhathi eside. Njengoba isidingo sengqalasizinda yamanzi ethembekile futhi eqhubekayo siqhubeka nokukhula, ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa ikhwalithi ephezuluInqwaba Yeshubhu Yensimbisekwakhiweni kwemigqa yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba akukwazi ukweqiswa.
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